The Vomitorium was actually the exit, not the entrance (though it would have been used for both). It was named for its size and design allowing it to rapidly "vomit" huge numbers of spectators from all levels of the seating back out onto the streets when the event was over.
It stems from the Latin word "vomere", which itself stems from "vomo", which originally meant to go forth, to discharge or emit / emerge and is the proto root of all of the "romance" language terms for "go" such as va(It.), vamos(Sp.), vai(Fr.) etc.. But the Romans absolutely used the term vomitus to mean to puke your guts out in their own time, and the term "vomitorium" came from the idea expressed above, to vomit large quantities of people quickly.
The whole story of there being rooms for vomiting though was made up by later people, most likely tour guides. I heard it several times on tours, it always got a few gasps from the tourists.
It was printed in neurology text books, and medical students here were required to show it was so in lab assignments -- which several generations of doctors have all either faked the results of or messed up badly enough to get the incorrect but acceptable result.
Another Biblical one: Adam and Eve didn't eat an apple. The Bible only refers to it as "the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge". No where does it say what kind of fruit it was. Could have been a banana... Ah wait, that's not from a tree, apparently!
While jihad may mean struggle or striving and describe struggles to be good and the best version of self a Jihadist almost exclusively refers to a Sunni extremist. English literal translation vs colloquially accepted usage by those who speak the language.
Yes, Fatwa and jihad have a different definition than how it is used, but it doesnt make how the word is used a misconception. This is why words are descriptive, not prescriptive.
Time on this scale is almost incomprehensible. You know the Devils Tower in Wyoming? It is the central core (phonolitic rock formation) of an extinct volcano. To create this monument, a volcano appeared, built up with a magma chamber over earth’s surface and erode away to give the core free! The tower is not even close as old as the extinction of the dinosaurs!
Botanically, there's no distinction between "tree" and "not tree". "Tree" is simply a strategy for growth optimization some plants have adapted to as opposed to others (such as bush or rhizome)
We typically use the word "tree" to refer to any plant which may be harvested for workable lumber, but palm trees produce lumber and are a monocot - ie they're more like a large shrub than a maple tree.
I'd correct your last point to say that we think of trees as producing wood. Other plants that produce usable "lumber", such as palms and bamboo, are not wood.
Eh, well that answer was wrong. It's been many years since my forestry class. It's the way the cellulose and lignin are aligned in a matrix that is different. Bamboo is technically grass
It honestly isn't that reductive, though. When you cut it open and compare the cross section to a giant fern or other vascular "leafy" plants with large stems, you really just have that moment of ".....okay, yeah, I get it. I don't like it, but I get it."
Losing most of your body heat from your head -- I've read that it comes from a US Military study, but is sorely lacking context. Snow testing full cold weather gear except hood = lose 90% of your heat through the head.
Well, if you are all bundled up, and the only thing exposed is your head, I'm 100% sure most of your heat loss is going to be through your head. I do believe the source behind this one is moms bundling up their kids and telling them to keep their hats or hoods on.
Technically humans and dinosaurs do coexist. The dinosaurs are not extict, all avians (birds) are part of the dinosaur family. Only the non-avian dinosaurs went extinct.
I don't know why we're talking about sharks, though. Crocodilians are archosaurs, the last remaining ones along with birds (avian theropod dinosaurs). Dragonflies are still here, too, but that's besides the point.
Wasn't that partly started by a hoax paper about "Chinese takeaway syndrome" or something? Like of course you feel ill after eating a lot of greasy food (such as you might get from a takeaway, Chinese or otherwise) and the paper's author thought it wouldbe funny to write about how he always felt ill after getting takeout and maybe someone should look at that because it _obviously_ wasn't that he ate too much, no sir. And then people took him seriously (also probably some racism too)
That can be caused by too much sodium, or it might be a glutamate intolerance. Do you get similar soreness or inflammation from other salty foods, or foods that have glutamate like tomatoes, Parmesan cheese, or starchy veg?
I work 911. Whoever made up that 24 hour missing person rule for television/movies is a bastard. People fucking die because of this troupe. If you can't build tension without this made up rule you're a shit writer. Fuck you. Also fuck any parents that tell their kid they will go to jail for accidently calling 911. People don't call us when they need to because of that too!
Every year it does improve. More people have access to the internet and education. But those dumb csi/NCIS law and order SUV crap shows need to get more grounded.
It does actually happen though - even still today. An informed and well staffed PD will be on the case immediately, but podunk town, over worked, uninformed, or lazy bastards will try to tell parents that their kid probably ran away and let's wait a day to see if they come home. If you are black or brown, you are way more likely to get that response.
I work for a podunk (for now) town and the laziness here is trying to find them before they have to be put into NCIC or a report written. They just have 2 hours per our state law. But I will point out some states are stuck in this 1960s era of laws and it's CRIMINAL.
Cop shows have created so many horrible misconceptions: the CSI Effect (every crime has useful and determinative forensic evidence), the idea that roughing up detained people is good, the idea that criminal defense attorneys are all scumbag liars, that major cases are solved (actually less than 50% are), etc etc
Mother of God I hate cop shows. The normal person thinks we'll break out the DNA analysis during a fraud investigation. And the academy is full of people that thought every call would be a fight or a chase. No man, get ready to write and talk to people and write more. Imgur would flip if they saw the sort of people the certification academy weeded out.
There are LOTS of instances of real life police telling people to wait 24 hours, which later turns out to be a mistake. That's probably where it comes from : Cops being lazy.
I dunno, I can't say one way or the other for how it used to be, but at least here in Florida is taught multiple times during certification and post certification. And my personal experience is people telling me they saw it on TV
My understanding is that if gravity is seen as a "well", the gravity of a black hole can be seen as a "hole" in the fabric of space-time. Or maybe only in the gravity field.
Our understanding of the internal physical structure of a black hole is a pretty big gap in our knowledge, we don't really know what matter does at those densities or if it can exist at all. As far as spacetime goes however, gravity describes a pit, and past the event horizon that pit becomes a hole where everything unavoidably falls into it. It basically does describe a hole in spacetime.
I mean if these are the same kids that grew up with these adults thinking the dinosaurs coexisted with humans, I could understand. I don't recall ANY child old enough to even think about it during my own childhood believing such, however, and I interacted with a fair few both then and as a teen and young adult. However, since most sourcesI know that even MENTION black holes also immediately explain they're basically super-heavy gravity objects that even light can't escape from, I'm skeptical
Critical thinking would rule out loads of these, eg: thicker hair - there would be medical photos of grossly thickened hair from people who shaved a lot. Great Wall of China - if bigger structures aren't visible from space, why would an especially long one be more visible?
Well its reasonable to think some sort of stark dividing line would be obvious, but so far as I know it mostly follows natural curves and ridgelines so that wouldn't really work much for this example.
medieval stained glass windows are thicker at the bottom, not because they are badly made, but rather by deliberate action on the part of the glass makers. it's just how they fitted. they knew how to make flat glass if they wanted.
So as far as the theory one goes, the conjecture would be a hypothesis? "I THINK this is what is happening." And if some evidence was found to support that hypothesis, it would then become a theory? Then if irrefutable evidence is found, and proven then that theory becomes fact? Just trying to remember the steps here. Been a long time since mah schoolin days.
My understanding is that a "theory" is "the hypothesis that is currently considered as the most plausible". I don't think there's such a thing as "fact" in science.
A theory is the theoretical framework to describe a certain phenomenon. It will contain models, equations, that kind of things. It can be used to explain why the facts are the way they are, or to predict what will happen in which circumstances
Black Belt one is misleading at best. There are way more martial arts than Judo, and some of them do use the black belt to denote the highest rank within their fighting style. Karate is one such example. If I can point at one of that facts I do know and say "no that's wrong." then I have a hard time trusting the ones I don't know as much about.
Black belt may be the highest rank but doesn't mean you can kick anybody's ass, it just meant you had the knowledge and skill to perform those moves/feats. (At least from my time in taekwondo)
But did the karate black belt exist before 1880? I think the misconception the post addresses is about the origin and supposed ancient-ness of the belt system, and not the modern usage
Colored belts/gi have existed for millenia to show competency in eastern martial styles. It's very important to know how good someone is before you spar with them, otherwise you could end up, at best, humiliating yourself or them. At worst you or them could die or be maimed.
I mean the following with every possible bit of respect: are you absolutely positive that the "colored belts denoting rank" thing being ancient is not a misconception?
Much of my college education was for East Asian language and history. At the very very least, gi/coat customization denotes some form of rank, even in uniform arts like Shaolin Kung Fu, where everyone is expected to know rank and mastery. Karate is a more modern thing, and it was made by poor people. Belts and colors aren't really a Japanese thing historically, but gi changes, like adding a black hakama, are very much ancient forms of showing rank/mastery. Black DOES mean mastery to an extent.
Otherwise, Chinese art styles are characterized mostly by military rank uniform, completely eliminating a need for some class system in training. Karate and Tae Kwon Do are similar in that poor-ish people created them, though Tae Kwon Do became a cultural art long before Karate existed and was practiced martially and by the elite similarly to Chinese arts deriving from India. Again, military rank uniform supersedes necessary belts or gi changes. Japan is the almost sole user of black hakama.
please tell me that 41% of Americans don't actually think that humans lived with dinosaurs. Where did this number come from? a daytime phone survey in the south?
Interestingly it was a poll given when 'Jurassic World' came out. It's mostly about the movies but asked other things like if they existed together, and if we have the technology to create dinosaurs from bone dna.
The "electric fan at night" myth exists as a way to avoid the deep social stigma associated with suicide; Johnny didn't kill himself, he went to sleep with his fan on and never woke up.
The last part of Media Coverage from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan_death briefly explains how it's used as a euphemism, beyond that I can only find anecdotes alleging that it's used to avoid the topic of suicide in SK culture, which pushes mental health far outside the lens of acceptable conversation.
The Bulls and red thing, that has been said for years, but the recent "Party Bus" escape incident from Oregon, it was a rodeo bull, not trained to the red cape, and that got outside and went for a red trash can then tossed a woman in a red shirt. This video below, from a bullfight, bull seems to go for guy in red shirt more than once, fuck that particular shade of grey I guess, but I ain't gonna wear red around bulls...
Pretty sure Mythbusters tested this and bull in a China shop. Both were false. It was the movement that attracted the bull. And they avoided all the shelves in the China experiment
As I found out from another comment, I fundamentally misunderstood the meaning of this - I add oil to the pasta after draining. I don't add oil to the water. That would be silly.
Ah. Don't feel silly. Many people have heard and followed that rumor. Even when I began cooking I did. Then I thought about it and realized how silly that sounds. Then watch an Italian guy get angry and say to just stir the pasta.
I'm not being facetious. I've literally never heard about adding oil to the water during boiling. Only after the pasta's drained. My grandma used to add a spoonful of butter, I use oil because it doesn't change the flavour as much as butter.
What's the pot got to do with it? The pasta sticks in the pot, it sticks in the colander, it sticks on the plate, it sticks no matter what you put it in, unless you stir in some oil.
Are you adding the oil to the pasta(drained) or the water? The oil will prevent the gelatinized starch on the outside of the pasta from clumping. But the oil will not properly encapsulate in water.
Theoretically if you added Emulsifying Agent & a lot of oil it could work. Its still polar so it would likely still be a colloid, but that's close enough to solution.
Salted water does boil HOTTER however - salt in solution increases the boiling temperature. Not significant for a pinch of salt, though. 58g/Kg is needed to raise boiling point 0.5 C.
I was going to say... It takes 8 min for my plain water to boil and like 12 for salted water. I know this because I setup timers so I could speed shit and cook at the same time.
Salt chemically binds to the starches that are released from the food to reduce the "gluey" residue in the water and on the surface of your food. Good for starchy veg, great for pasta and rice (unless you're going for a gluey texture like risotto or sticky rice)
You're forgetting about the change to the specific heat. Salt water is ever so slightly faster to boil from room temperature even though it needs to reach a higher temperature because it takes less energy to raise its temperature.
It also lowers the specific heat so the energy needed to boil salt water is still lower than non salt water even though it needs to reach a higher temperature. For sea water it's ~300J/kgK difference. So ~20kj more for the pure water to boil even though it boils at 2K less than the seawater.
To those who don't know what 58g of salt looks like, that would be a 1.5" cube of salt for a liter of water. For a 0.5 degC change. That's not only not a pinch, that's a whole palm full.
No, because it also changes the specific heat. When heating from room temperature salt water needs to reach a higher temperature to boil but it takes less energy to reach the boiling temperature.
That is shockingly complicated, and counterintuitive to everything I've seen and heard my whole life, but I guess I've never tested it in laboratory conditions, pots, heating elements etc, all have irregularities in a home, and I've found at least one article verifying what you said. So then the real question is does the starting point matter? because in a practical setting, I've never seen tap water come out at room temperature. It's either cool/cold, or you crank the hot water.
Yes the starting point does matter. I'll use seawater because while too salty to cook it's easier to find numbers. Let's look at the extreme case of starting at 99°C. Water would need to be heated to 100°C taking 4184J/kg; sea water would need to reach 102°C taking 11550J/kg. The break even point would be ~77°C/~171°F for a starting point below sea water boils faster. Interestingly my cool water is pretty much room temperature but thanks to its specific heat and conductivity it feels cool.
No the infographic is still right. It increases the booking temperature but decreases the energy needed to raise the temperature by 1°. The latter has a greater effect when bringing water from room temperature to a boil. So salt ever so slightly lowers the energy needed and thus the time needed.
This is the real reason. Boiling pasta in salt water allows the salt to penetrate through the entire noodle, making it a tastier bite all around instead of the sauce on the surface having to do all the taste-making.
I often toss a dash of pepper and whatever Italian seasonings I want to bring out into my pasta water when I start it heating. I end up putting pasta into a seasoned tea, and it turns out quite nice!
41% of… oh, US adults. That tracks. Wonder what the world wide average for that would be, not taking the US’s hopefully slightly higher curve into account.
A quick Google search indicates that according to Gallup poll in 2019, roughly that amount of US adults buy in creationism. So the results are being misrepresented. While there are certainly creationists that DO believe that, there are also those who do not. However, it is still HIGHLY alarming that creationism has as much traction as it does in the States, whatever the exact nature of that figure is.
Ok I don’t know ANY one stupid enough to think humans and dinosaurs were even close to the same time period, but nice jab at the Americans. You’re right, we are all idiots, and where ever you are from is far superior.
It's not just finding problems. It's also a lack of oversight to prevent states from teaching their children fucking GARBAGE. Revisionism and anti-scientific sentiment (among other things) are HUGE problems in deeply red states. Texas and Florida are prime examples.
It's taught as fact by large swathes of evangelical and literalist Christian churchs. They even use references to dragons in the Bible as confirmation.
The fundamentalists in my hometown taught that fossils were put there by god to test peoples' faith. They did not want us learning about dinosaurs in school. I prefer the version where humans and dinosaurs coexist.
I worked for a Chesapeake energy for many years, working the oil fields in tx. I had a boss(he was a superintendent) who was a creationist. He literally believed the earth is only 6000 years old. Also there are many people in the oil patch who think humans and dinosaurs lived together.
also naming birds dinosaurs is problematic and adding that into their names was probably unnecessary and confusing with little gain regardless of the evolutionary lineage
Birds arose in the triassic as part of the diversity of dinosaur types. They're not just descended from dinosaurs. They were and are dinosaurs. Calling them what they are is necessary and helpful for understanding not only birds, but the other dinosaurs, and just generally understanding how evolution and life work. Many things are confusing when first encountered, but coming to understand them is how you learn, you know?
you may be correct. Aside from this specific example, it's important to note that naming and classification conventions have always been fraught due to the basis on how we choose to classify things. We are fitting vague distinctions into boxes that we created, and as such, specieciation has changed significantly, from taxonomy to now genetics. Even with genetics it may be tough to call out different species. It's important to remember that a species is only that because we made it so.
ByThePowerOfSCIENCE
The one about Einstein spread by not knowing that 6 was the highest possible grade in the Certificate of Maturity:
Clockworkdancerobot
Again, some misleading things are based on ignorance and bigotry.
Cryolith
And backfire effect. Some people just prefer their comfortable ignorance.
ToSisPoS
I hate that at least three of these were taught as factorinos when I was wee.
manulofdoom
Ned Flanders, is this you?
ToSisPoS
Buenos Diddly Ding Dong Dios
OliverOtter
The Vomitorium was actually the exit, not the entrance (though it would have been used for both). It was named for its size and design allowing it to rapidly "vomit" huge numbers of spectators from all levels of the seating back out onto the streets when the event was over.
jraef
It stems from the Latin word "vomere", which itself stems from "vomo", which originally meant to go forth, to discharge or emit / emerge and is the proto root of all of the "romance" language terms for "go" such as va(It.), vamos(Sp.), vai(Fr.) etc.. But the Romans absolutely used the term vomitus to mean to puke your guts out in their own time, and the term "vomitorium" came from the idea expressed above, to vomit large quantities of people quickly.
jraef
The whole story of there being rooms for vomiting though was made up by later people, most likely tour guides. I heard it several times on tours, it always got a few gasps from the tourists.
brendino87
Lol funny that some of my school teachers told me some of these growing up
hyptosis
we learned a lot of these, the tongue thing was printed in our text books
Eroen0
It was printed in neurology text books, and medical students here were required to show it was so in lab assignments -- which several generations of doctors have all either faked the results of or messed up badly enough to get the incorrect but acceptable result.
thindrumdotcom
Yeah I'm not gonna take any of these at face value...
drgonzo67
Another Biblical one: Adam and Eve didn't eat an apple. The Bible only refers to it as "the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge". No where does it say what kind of fruit it was. Could have been a banana... Ah wait, that's not from a tree, apparently!
manulofdoom
A durian.
Callynd
Apple comes from a Latin pun. Malus = Apple, Malus = Evil.
ssemm
While jihad may mean struggle or striving and describe struggles to be good and the best version of self a Jihadist almost exclusively refers to a Sunni extremist. English literal translation vs colloquially accepted usage by those who speak the language.
Misteree8
Yes, Fatwa and jihad have a different definition than how it is used, but it doesnt make how the word is used a misconception. This is why words are descriptive, not prescriptive.
Jessebob42
Fact: A Stork does not bring babies to your house. But the Swallow prevents babies from being conceived. 👍🏻😉
(Fav Dad joke)
WooNeat
If you really believed in the Swallow theory though you wouldn't be a dad to make the joke
Jessebob42
You don’t call for the Swallow every time. Jeez. I love my son, granddaughters and (so far) two great grandchildren. 😄👍🏻🤪
ArcaneM37
Arent dad jokes ones a dad says to their kids? You would say that to your kids?
Jessebob42
Yes. Yes I would. And I’m known as fun dad, fun grandpa and my great granddaughter (calls me Baba) adores me.
You should walk a mile in my shoes. Then you’d find out how nice it is to be a mile away from you. 🤪
Schaade
A dad might say that to older kids. An uncle would say that to very young pre-speech kids.
Jessebob42
You are correct. 👍🏻😄
StewedTomaters
My dad told me that the best part of me ran down my mother's leg.
ArcaneM37
Thay's horrible no matter your age
ironymus
Fun fact about Dinosaurs:
Ryebread91
Man... It's crazy to think of how long dinosaurs existed with just how long we have.
ironymus
Time on this scale is almost incomprehensible. You know the Devils Tower in Wyoming? It is the central core (phonolitic rock formation) of an extinct volcano.
To create this monument, a volcano appeared, built up with a magma chamber over earth’s surface and erode away to give the core free!
The tower is not even close as old as the extinction of the dinosaurs!
Ryebread91
Wow. Didn't even know that's how it was formed.
limbodog
Vomitorium is an exit, not an entrance
IhopeyougetstageIIIcoloncancer
Fun fact: there's no such thing as a "tree".
Botanically, there's no distinction between "tree" and "not tree". "Tree" is simply a strategy for growth optimization some plants have adapted to as opposed to others (such as bush or rhizome)
We typically use the word "tree" to refer to any plant which may be harvested for workable lumber, but palm trees produce lumber and are a monocot - ie they're more like a large shrub than a maple tree.
Giant2179
I'd correct your last point to say that we think of trees as producing wood. Other plants that produce usable "lumber", such as palms and bamboo, are not wood.
katzohki
I may regret this, but why is bamboo and palm not wood?
[deleted]
[deleted]
Giant2179
Eh, well that answer was wrong. It's been many years since my forestry class. It's the way the cellulose and lignin are aligned in a matrix that is different. Bamboo is technically grass
Roehcai
I'm going to start calling trees "sparkling growth optimization strategies".
BellicoseAlgorithm
Being monocots, I prefer to think of palm trees as just really big grass... but I guess it's a touch reductive, haha.
IhopeyougetstageIIIcoloncancer
It honestly isn't that reductive, though. When you cut it open and compare the cross section to a giant fern or other vascular "leafy" plants with large stems, you really just have that moment of ".....okay, yeah, I get it. I don't like it, but I get it."
dennydorko
MarkoffChaney
I blame the Flintstones on that people think humans and dinosaurs coexisted.
Salpinus
I blame religion
banjostrings
Yeah there’s a whole book in the Bible about dinosaurs, how could you have missed that. Damn everyone on imgur is 4 years old apparently.
Harbltron
If people are getting their information about prehistory from The Flintstones, that's on them.
youreathing
Mastodons were the very first industrial dishwashers. [SCIENC]
Astramancer
Losing most of your body heat from your head -- I've read that it comes from a US Military study, but is sorely lacking context. Snow testing full cold weather gear except hood = lose 90% of your heat through the head.
Oaklanecemetery
Well, if you are all bundled up, and the only thing exposed is your head, I'm 100% sure most of your heat loss is going to be through your head. I do believe the source behind this one is moms bundling up their kids and telling them to keep their hats or hoods on.
Boom9001
Technically humans and dinosaurs do coexist. The dinosaurs are not extict, all avians (birds) are part of the dinosaur family. Only the non-avian dinosaurs went extinct.
Harbltron
Don't forget the aquatic creatures, we still co-exist with crocodiles and sharks too.
Oaklanecemetery
And the coelacanth. That's one old ass fish!
Boom9001
None of those are dinosaurs though which is what the myth is.
Harbltron
They existed beside them and they're still here, virtually unchanged by evolution after millions of years
StewedTomaters
I don't know why we're talking about sharks, though. Crocodilians are archosaurs, the last remaining ones along with birds (avian theropod dinosaurs). Dragonflies are still here, too, but that's besides the point.
RockettGraphics
*politicians (Goldfish remember!)
MagicalScientist
The MSG one is interesting, because suddenly it doesn't happen when eating doritos.
Pilchard123
Wasn't that partly started by a hoax paper about "Chinese takeaway syndrome" or something? Like of course you feel ill after eating a lot of greasy food (such as you might get from a takeaway, Chinese or otherwise) and the paper's author thought it wouldbe funny to write about how he always felt ill after getting takeout and maybe someone should look at that because it _obviously_ wasn't that he ate too much, no sir. And then people took him seriously (also probably some racism too)
MagicalScientist
I don't think I've ever NOT eaten too much Chinese takeaway
ByThePowerOfSCIENCE
Also, MSG occurs naturally in many foods including all meats and tomato. It's no more "chemical" than the sugars and starches fermented to produce it.
MerriMod
Just a dose of ol'fashioned anti-Asian racism at play with the MSG myth. Still persists to this day, annoyingly.
Salpinus
I get throat burns from MSG tho😕
MerriMod
That can be caused by too much sodium, or it might be a glutamate intolerance. Do you get similar soreness or inflammation from other salty foods, or foods that have glutamate like tomatoes, Parmesan cheese, or starchy veg?
TyrannusEquus
I work 911. Whoever made up that 24 hour missing person rule for television/movies is a bastard. People fucking die because of this troupe. If you can't build tension without this made up rule you're a shit writer. Fuck you. Also fuck any parents that tell their kid they will go to jail for accidently calling 911. People don't call us when they need to because of that too!
keystotheairlock
Oh yikes. That's a bummer.
TyrannusEquus
Every year it does improve. More people have access to the internet and education. But those dumb csi/NCIS law and order SUV crap shows need to get more grounded.
CheeseIsNaturesFudge
Be sick to see the 24h thing mentioned in a show/film, and then that person shut down and the people dying thing etc explained to them.
TyrannusEquus
I'm all for it! People will remember that.
ArcaneM37
It does actually happen though - even still today. An informed and well staffed PD will be on the case immediately, but podunk town, over worked, uninformed, or lazy bastards will try to tell parents that their kid probably ran away and let's wait a day to see if they come home. If you are black or brown, you are way more likely to get that response.
TyrannusEquus
I work for a podunk (for now) town and the laziness here is trying to find them before they have to be put into NCIC or a report written. They just have 2 hours per our state law. But I will point out some states are stuck in this 1960s era of laws and it's CRIMINAL.
PinkyTheUnicorn2
Cop shows have created so many horrible misconceptions: the CSI Effect (every crime has useful and determinative forensic evidence), the idea that roughing up detained people is good, the idea that criminal defense attorneys are all scumbag liars, that major cases are solved (actually less than 50% are), etc etc
TyrannusEquus
Mother of God I hate cop shows. The normal person thinks we'll break out the DNA analysis during a fraud investigation. And the academy is full of people that thought every call would be a fight or a chase. No man, get ready to write and talk to people and write more. Imgur would flip if they saw the sort of people the certification academy weeded out.
ArcaneM37
Thank God then. They should make the academy even more boring to weed out even more.
nothingunused
Good thing dogs can't speak or they'd call 911 constantly, just a few minutes after we walk out the door. "My owner has been missing FOR-E-VER!"
apLundell
There are LOTS of instances of real life police telling people to wait 24 hours, which later turns out to be a mistake. That's probably where it comes from : Cops being lazy.
ttm2
Oh, you think that cops are actually trained and educated by something other than cheap movies? Bless your heart.
TyrannusEquus
I've been through it, and yes there is some training. Believe it or not. Some but not a lot, and movies don't even come close
TyrannusEquus
I dunno, I can't say one way or the other for how it used to be, but at least here in Florida is taught multiple times during certification and post certification. And my personal experience is people telling me they saw it on TV
ChiliBeef
*being ignorant.
UnoriginalPieceOfRepeatingShit
*being assholes
wolfhowell
¿Por que no los dos?
Schaade
"Black hole" is neither myth nor falsehood--it's a misnomer.
Banzai51
Not even a misnomer. It is a description of what scientists thought it would look like.
spazztastic
Not only that but there are many types of black holes. Who knows, maybe they are all different on the inside?
cousteau
However, physics tells us that they're the same on the outside.
Nim449
Brownholes, however are very real.
blcollier
Brownnotes, on the other hand, are not.
cousteau
My understanding is that if gravity is seen as a "well", the gravity of a black hole can be seen as a "hole" in the fabric of space-time. Or maybe only in the gravity field.
mysteryvansjay3
This list is a myth!
malachilenomade
I'll bet you THEY thought so too! Whatta ya think they think about it now?!
SnowpersonHitInTheFaceWithALackOfCreativity
I think the idea is that people (kids mostly) think of black holes as like a wile e coyote pit
Nightchime
Tbf if using a fabric or malleable plane to visualize gravity, it does make pretty deep holes.
Nightchime
Sorry, "pit" would be more accurate, but it's deep enough to resemble a hole.
kerrigan778
Our understanding of the internal physical structure of a black hole is a pretty big gap in our knowledge, we don't really know what matter does at those densities or if it can exist at all. As far as spacetime goes however, gravity describes a pit, and past the event horizon that pit becomes a hole where everything unavoidably falls into it. It basically does describe a hole in spacetime.
ToeNailClippersOfThanos69
I came to comment this. Good work team nerds. ❤️
Ivain
I mean if these are the same kids that grew up with these adults thinking the dinosaurs coexisted with humans, I could understand. I don't recall ANY child old enough to even think about it during my own childhood believing such, however, and I interacted with a fair few both then and as a teen and young adult. However, since most sourcesI know that even MENTION black holes also immediately explain they're basically super-heavy gravity objects that even light can't escape from, I'm skeptical
Slickdoodle
Don't be skeptical, just check out the movie "The Black Hole". In the movie it was indeed a "hole".
cousteau
Yeah, like a tunnel that leads somewhere, with an opening in the middle of space. It's more like a "3D hole" though. And doesn't "lead" anywhere.
TychoTychoAlba
That sucks things in, differently somehow to anything else with gravity.
Youhavinagiraffe
It's something that gives off no light and everything around it falls into it. It's a pretty apt name while being mostly metaphorical
Type17
Critical thinking would rule out loads of these, eg: thicker hair - there would be medical photos of grossly thickened hair from people who shaved a lot. Great Wall of China - if bigger structures aren't visible from space, why would an especially long one be more visible?
somnif
Aye it's more that very short hairs are stiffer, so they can feel "thicker".
zFUBARz
Well its reasonable to think some sort of stark dividing line would be obvious, but so far as I know it mostly follows natural curves and ridgelines so that wouldn't really work much for this example.
yetipc
medieval stained glass windows are thicker at the bottom, not because they are badly made, but rather by deliberate action on the part of the glass makers. it's just how they fitted. they knew how to make flat glass if they wanted.
Idsertian
Thank you. I stopped reading after that, but my bullshit detector was already going off beforehand.
Oaklanecemetery
So as far as the theory one goes, the conjecture would be a hypothesis? "I THINK this is what is happening." And if some evidence was found to support that hypothesis, it would then become a theory? Then if irrefutable evidence is found, and proven then that theory becomes fact? Just trying to remember the steps here. Been a long time since mah schoolin days.
cousteau
My understanding is that a "theory" is "the hypothesis that is currently considered as the most plausible". I don't think there's such a thing as "fact" in science.
Oaklanecemetery
"Facts as we currently understand it"?
manulofdoom
A theory is the theoretical framework to describe a certain phenomenon. It will contain models, equations, that kind of things. It can be used to explain why the facts are the way they are, or to predict what will happen in which circumstances
TSeventhSon
Black Belt one is misleading at best. There are way more martial arts than Judo, and some of them do use the black belt to denote the highest rank within their fighting style. Karate is one such example. If I can point at one of that facts I do know and say "no that's wrong." then I have a hard time trusting the ones I don't know as much about.
zFUBARz
Isn't red belt actually considered to be a true master in several martial arts?
HelpTheWretched
In many martial arts, a black belt on its own is far from the highest rank, as there are "degrees" you can earn on it.
Ryebread91
Black belt may be the highest rank but doesn't mean you can kick anybody's ass, it just meant you had the knowledge and skill to perform those moves/feats. (At least from my time in taekwondo)
katzohki
It was black pants in my study. And there was only white, brown and black belts. No rainbow colors.
ScourgeOfAges
But did the karate black belt exist before 1880? I think the misconception the post addresses is about the origin and supposed ancient-ness of the belt system, and not the modern usage
PectorialMuscles
Colored belts/gi have existed for millenia to show competency in eastern martial styles. It's very important to know how good someone is before you spar with them, otherwise you could end up, at best, humiliating yourself or them. At worst you or them could die or be maimed.
ScourgeOfAges
I mean the following with every possible bit of respect: are you absolutely positive that the "colored belts denoting rank" thing being ancient is not a misconception?
PectorialMuscles
Much of my college education was for East Asian language and history. At the very very least, gi/coat customization denotes some form of rank, even in uniform arts like Shaolin Kung Fu, where everyone is expected to know rank and mastery. Karate is a more modern thing, and it was made by poor people. Belts and colors aren't really a Japanese thing historically, but gi changes, like adding a black hakama, are very much ancient forms of showing rank/mastery. Black DOES mean mastery to an extent.
PectorialMuscles
Otherwise, Chinese art styles are characterized mostly by military rank uniform, completely eliminating a need for some class system in training. Karate and Tae Kwon Do are similar in that poor-ish people created them, though Tae Kwon Do became a cultural art long before Karate existed and was practiced martially and by the elite similarly to Chinese arts deriving from India. Again, military rank uniform supersedes necessary belts or gi changes. Japan is the almost sole user of black hakama.
astrangehop
gypsyspot
please tell me that 41% of Americans don't actually think that humans lived with dinosaurs. Where did this number come from? a daytime phone survey in the south?
manulofdoom
America is a borderline theocracy, where denialism of this particular science is an important part of the theology.
LordLobster
Interestingly it was a poll given when 'Jurassic World' came out. It's mostly about the movies but asked other things like if they existed together, and if we have the technology to create dinosaurs from bone dna.
Hevach
This is a particularly bad question because both the most wrong and most correct answers are "yes"
Harbltron
Roughly 35% of Americans are functionally illiterate, so that figure tracks.
You sincerely don't want to know how stupid the average American is.
Harbltron
The "electric fan at night" myth exists as a way to avoid the deep social stigma associated with suicide; Johnny didn't kill himself, he went to sleep with his fan on and never woke up.
FllintEasywood
I've heard it was that it put too much strain on the fledgling power grid of post-war South Korea.
worldbicyclist
havent heard that explanation before. Do you have a source for that? It sounds super plausible.
Harbltron
The last part of Media Coverage from https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan_death briefly explains how it's used as a euphemism, beyond that I can only find anecdotes alleging that it's used to avoid the topic of suicide in SK culture, which pushes mental health far outside the lens of acceptable conversation.
MrStealYourGiF
The Bulls and red thing, that has been said for years, but the recent "Party Bus" escape incident from Oregon, it was a rodeo bull, not trained to the red cape, and that got outside and went for a red trash can then tossed a woman in a red shirt. This video below, from a bullfight, bull seems to go for guy in red shirt more than once, fuck that particular shade of grey I guess, but I ain't gonna wear red around bulls...
Salpinus
Impressive jump!
TheTwoHoles
Pretty sure Mythbusters tested this and bull in a China shop. Both were false. It was the movement that attracted the bull. And they avoided all the shelves in the China experiment
MrStealYourGiF
Ah finally, found the Oregon incident, /gallery/even-bull-was-feelin-free-4w6zJMO
InTheBeginningWasTheNerd
Oil definitely stops pasta from sticking, though. I make spaghetti about every week, and if I don't stir in a bit of oil, they stick.
Ryebread91
Stirring the pasta is what prevents it from sticking. The oil will just rise to the surface of the water.
InTheBeginningWasTheNerd
As I found out from another comment, I fundamentally misunderstood the meaning of this - I add oil to the pasta after draining. I don't add oil to the water. That would be silly.
Ryebread91
Ah. Don't feel silly. Many people have heard and followed that rumor. Even when I began cooking I did. Then I thought about it and realized how silly that sounds. Then watch an Italian guy get angry and say to just stir the pasta.
InTheBeginningWasTheNerd
I'm not being facetious. I've literally never heard about adding oil to the water during boiling. Only after the pasta's drained. My grandma used to add a spoonful of butter, I use oil because it doesn't change the flavour as much as butter.
Ryebread91
It depends what I'm making/what sauce I'm using. If just a regular ol spaghetti the oil doesn't let the sauce adhere to the pasta and just runs off.
Boom9001
You use a nonstick pot? I never use oil and basically never stir and my pasta doesn't stick. It does bubble however.
InTheBeginningWasTheNerd
What's the pot got to do with it? The pasta sticks in the pot, it sticks in the colander, it sticks on the plate, it sticks no matter what you put it in, unless you stir in some oil.
zzxcvb
Are you adding the oil to the pasta(drained) or the water? The oil will prevent the gelatinized starch on the outside of the pasta from clumping. But the oil will not properly encapsulate in water.
zzxcvb
Theoretically if you added Emulsifying Agent & a lot of oil it could work. Its still polar so it would likely still be a colloid, but that's close enough to solution.
InTheBeginningWasTheNerd
To the pasta after draining, obviously. Wait, this is about adding oil to the water? What kinda nonsense is that?
Cryolith
Salted water does boil HOTTER however - salt in solution increases the boiling temperature. Not significant for a pinch of salt, though. 58g/Kg is needed to raise boiling point 0.5 C.
meskarune
I was going to say... It takes 8 min for my plain water to boil and like 12 for salted water. I know this because I setup timers so I could speed shit and cook at the same time.
quackersforcrackers
Salt chemically binds to the starches that are released from the food to reduce the "gluey" residue in the water and on the surface of your food. Good for starchy veg, great for pasta and rice (unless you're going for a gluey texture like risotto or sticky rice)
powwerbottom
Boiling temp changes significantly with altitude as well
PimpinKen
But putting salt in hot water adds nucleation which causes bubbles to form making it look like the water is boiling harder/at all.
htapoicoS
I always tell that to my friends but some people won't listen
Oaklanecemetery
I was taught to add it because it makes thing like eggs float better and thus, cook better.
AmbassadorOfAndrew
It technically makes the water take longer to boil (in significant enough quantities), because it needs to reach a higher temperature.
nichfra
You're forgetting about the change to the specific heat. Salt water is ever so slightly faster to boil from room temperature even though it needs to reach a higher temperature because it takes less energy to raise its temperature.
nichfra
It also lowers the specific heat so the energy needed to boil salt water is still lower than non salt water even though it needs to reach a higher temperature. For sea water it's ~300J/kgK difference. So ~20kj more for the pure water to boil even though it boils at 2K less than the seawater.
DunnowForgot
It modifies the freezing temperature too, that's why we dump a fuckload of salt on the roads every winter here.
hotsaucedumps
With beet juice in some places
SmoeAhsolse
That's a very inefficient way to make pasta, though.
Syovere
aw man, so I got this giant lasagna noodle press for no reason then.
ActualZedAxial
That's twice as salty as seawater my friend, and it would definitely make the water boil more quickly.
SadsPikkelson
To those who don't know what 58g of salt looks like, that would be a 1.5" cube of salt for a liter of water. For a 0.5 degC change. That's not only not a pinch, that's a whole palm full.
zFUBARz
Yeah a palmful is what all the old Italian ladies always tell me to use.
BeaverOnFire
I prefer to put a whole salt lick in my pasta water.
velicitia
I just cook my pasta in molten salt ...
BeaverOnFire
Oooo... that's a good idea. Plus I can use the leftovers to cool my nuclear reactor.
zFUBARz
I've literally never heard the saying salt makes it boil faster, the opposite I've heard my whole life.
Rubyrose99
This. Salt raises the boiling point of water, not lowers it. Adding salt will literally only make it boil slower.
nichfra
No, because it also changes the specific heat. When heating from room temperature salt water needs to reach a higher temperature to boil but it takes less energy to reach the boiling temperature.
zFUBARz
That is shockingly complicated, and counterintuitive to everything I've seen and heard my whole life, but I guess I've never tested it in laboratory conditions, pots, heating elements etc, all have irregularities in a home, and I've found at least one article verifying what you said. So then the real question is does the starting point matter? because in a practical setting, I've never seen tap water come out at room temperature. It's either cool/cold, or you crank the hot water.
nichfra
Yes the starting point does matter. I'll use seawater because while too salty to cook it's easier to find numbers. Let's look at the extreme case of starting at 99°C. Water would need to be heated to 100°C taking 4184J/kg; sea water would need to reach 102°C taking 11550J/kg. The break even point would be ~77°C/~171°F for a starting point below sea water boils faster. Interestingly my cool water is pretty much room temperature but thanks to its specific heat and conductivity it feels cool.
zFUBARz
Right, so the infographic is ridiculous then, even if it was never significant, at least raising the temp is realistic.
nichfra
No the infographic is still right. It increases the booking temperature but decreases the energy needed to raise the temperature by 1°. The latter has a greater effect when bringing water from room temperature to a boil. So salt ever so slightly lowers the energy needed and thus the time needed.
GomerIsDead
But still add it because like most things, salt makes the pasta taste better.
lordfwahfnah
What about MSG water?
blainetog
This is the real reason. Boiling pasta in salt water allows the salt to penetrate through the entire noodle, making it a tastier bite all around instead of the sauce on the surface having to do all the taste-making.
NullNameAvailable
I often toss a dash of pepper and whatever Italian seasonings I want to bring out into my pasta water when I start it heating. I end up putting pasta into a seasoned tea, and it turns out quite nice!
StewedTomaters
Tangential, but you reminded me of a thing called "pindi chole" which is chickpeas boiled in black tea and spices. And now I want it.
NullNameAvailable
I've never even heard of it! I'll have to look it up - thanks for the comment!
mouthfullofpebbles
You said what now?! That sounds amazing!
MadKraken
41% of… oh, US adults. That tracks. Wonder what the world wide average for that would be, not taking the US’s hopefully slightly higher curve into account.
Bobbobbobobbananafanafobob
Canada had a lot of American textbooks that were just converted to metric. That's how I thought the tongue had sections too.
ScrippyChan
A quick Google search indicates that according to Gallup poll in 2019, roughly that amount of US adults buy in creationism. So the results are being misrepresented. While there are certainly creationists that DO believe that, there are also those who do not. However, it is still HIGHLY alarming that creationism has as much traction as it does in the States, whatever the exact nature of that figure is.
invisibulman
Yeah, I'm going to need a fact check on that. The US education system is pretty backward... but 41%?
HonestCommentFarmer
"...hopefully slightly higher curve into account." I see your Fat American joke.
banjostrings
Ok I don’t know ANY one stupid enough to think humans and dinosaurs were even close to the same time period, but nice jab at the Americans. You’re right, we are all idiots, and where ever you are from is far superior.
circlebreaker
@ ruinously underfunded U.S. education
ScrippyChan
It's not just finding problems. It's also a lack of oversight to prevent states from teaching their children fucking GARBAGE. Revisionism and anti-scientific sentiment (among other things) are HUGE problems in deeply red states. Texas and Florida are prime examples.
circlebreaker
That's my understanding as well. This whole situation is embarrassing on an international level.
MadKraken
“No, too busy burning them”
RunsNakedThroughSwamps
I've never met someone who believed humans overlapped with dinosaurs. I have met a few who didn't believe in dinosaurs at all, though.
Schaade
Me neither, but I've worked with several human dinosaurs.
Youhavinagiraffe
It's taught as fact by large swathes of evangelical and literalist Christian churchs. They even use references to dragons in the Bible as confirmation.
RunsNakedThroughSwamps
The fundamentalists in my hometown taught that fossils were put there by god to test peoples' faith. They did not want us learning about dinosaurs in school. I prefer the version where humans and dinosaurs coexist.
ichangedmynamejustnow
I worked for a Chesapeake energy for many years, working the oil fields in tx. I had a boss(he was a superintendent) who was a creationist. He literally believed the earth is only 6000 years old. Also there are many people in the oil patch who think humans and dinosaurs lived together.
peekaboooooo
I thought birds are a type of dinosaurs just like humans are a type of primates
Salticido
They are. It would've been more precise to say non-avian dinosaurs, which is what people mean when they repeat the myth.
gypsyspot
also naming birds dinosaurs is problematic and adding that into their names was probably unnecessary and confusing with little gain regardless of the evolutionary lineage
Salticido
Why is it problematic?
MASonBass
Birds arose in the triassic as part of the diversity of dinosaur types. They're not just descended from dinosaurs. They were and are dinosaurs. Calling them what they are is necessary and helpful for understanding not only birds, but the other dinosaurs, and just generally understanding how evolution and life work. Many things are confusing when first encountered, but coming to understand them is how you learn, you know?
gypsyspot
you may be correct. Aside from this specific example, it's important to note that naming and classification conventions have always been fraught due to the basis on how we choose to classify things. We are fitting vague distinctions into boxes that we created, and as such, specieciation has changed significantly, from taxonomy to now genetics. Even with genetics it may be tough to call out different species. It's important to remember that a species is only that because we made it so.