Two Metabolic Origins of Life - New Study

Oktay74tn

18900

492

Two Metabolic Origins of Life - New Study
Oktay Yürük aka Oktay74tn, science and tech content
https://imgur.com/user/Oktay74tn

This is the Beebe Vent Field near the Cayman Islands, the deepest known hydrothermal vent site in the world, 5 kilometers (3.1 miles) below sea level. It is a candidate for the origin of life. According to a new scientific study, there could be two metabolic origins of life.

The phylogenetic tree of life describes the relationships between organisms. The three main groups are the domains: Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. LUCA, the last universal common ancestor, is the hypothetical latest common ancestral population of all single-celled organisms.

This is the distribution of ribosomal and core metabolism protein families across bacterial classes shown in blue and archaeal orders in red (LBCA and LACA are the last common ancestors of bacteria and archaea). The enzymes that catalyze the reactions are not conserved across the evolutionary divide that separates bacteria and archaea. The two lineages made the transition to the free-living state independently.

In this diagram, inorganic substrates are shown at the left. A network of about 400 reactions converts these compounds into amino acids and nucleobases, represented by one-letter codes, and cofactors. This network evolved over time. The pink and red nodes represent reactions catalyzed by transition metals.

Adenosine triphosphate ATP is the energy molecule in living cells. An average human recycles 50 kilograms of ATP per day. Adenosine diphosphate ADP is the product of a palladium-catalyzed phosphorylation with phosphite. Proto-cells developed more and more enzymes over time until they became independent of metals.

At the end of the process, free-living bacteria and archea emerged. Hot springs such as the Grand Prismatic Spring of the Yellowstone National Park are home to the robust archea.
_________________________________________________________________

Intermediate stages in the origin of metabolism at a phosphorylating hydrothermal vent
Natalia Mrnjavac, Nadja K. Hoffmann, Manon L. Schlikker, Maximilian Burmeister, et al.
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aef3128

'Only One Conclusion': Radical Study Suggests Life on Earth Arose Twice
Michael Irving
https://www.sciencealert.com/radical-study-suggests-life-on-earth-arose-from-non-living-matter-twice

Wikipedia articles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beebe_Hydrothermal_Vent_Field
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiogenesis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaea
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enzyme
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tree_of_life_(biology)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last_universal_common_ancestor
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phylogenetic_tree
_________________________________________________________________

Biology Series

Ghost Lineages in Human DNA
https://imgur.com/gallery/ghost-lineages-human-dna-O03SJwd

Chicxulub Asteroid Was Ornans Type
https://imgur.com/gallery/chicxulub-asteroid-was-ornans-type-8q7OV1Z

What Attracts Mosquitoes?
https://imgur.com/gallery/what-attracts-mosquitoes-ymferbk

Raccoons Solve Puzzles For Fun
https://imgur.com/gallery/raccoons-solve-puzzles-fun-39NlxzV

Tropical Spiders Build Doppelgänger Puppets
https://imgur.com/gallery/tropical-spiders-build-doppelg-nger-puppets-CgPX1S1

Beachy Head Woman Ancient Briton
https://imgur.com/gallery/beachy-head-woman-ancient-briton-RLyYix7

Thorin the Last Neanderthal
https://imgur.com/gallery/thorin-last-neanderthal-rjuEPCk

Fossils of Immature Pterosaurs Found in Germany
https://imgur.com/gallery/fossils-of-immature-pterosaurs-found-germany-dDOu42a

Cross-species Cloning of Iberian Harvester Ants
https://imgur.com/gallery/cross-species-cloning-of-iberian-harvester-ants-VMzleIn

Bonobo Vocal Communication With Extensive Compositionality
https://imgur.com/gallery/bonobo-vocal-communication-with-extensive-compositionality-1A1OvEL

Doktor Orangutan: Sumatran Orangutan Treating Wound With Medicine
https://imgur.com/gallery/doktor-orangutan-sumatran-orangutan-treating-wound-with-medicine-AKKM5aj

Check out https://imgur.com/user/Oktay74tn for many more astronomy and technology videos.

EntropyReign

Crazy- I'd certainly heard that underwater vents like these may have been an origin point for the earliest life forms, or at least the precursor molecules, but I'd not have thought the deepest known one would give us new info, I'd have thought extremophiles would just be offshoots of other life!

3 weeks ago |

Racealistic

comeonjointhejoyride

Ok, super cool. But what does it mean. My friend is 5 and he needs an explanation.

DrKonrad

"Am Beebe" - Life

SarcasticMucus

I understood that. Promise

theyallwenttoMexico

😊👍

SleazyBijou

Who knew Chlamydiae was the origin of life? I’ve been fighting to get rid of it all this time.

KaptainObveeus

You only have about 50 grams of ATP in your body, but you recycle it a good 1000 times a day.

Yes. The energy of the ATP molecule is in its phosphate groups.

terajack2048

I like the title. “Motion of the ocean “

tentacularfleshscape

My dumb ass thought this was 9/11 for a second

JusticeValadez

Good show. Bravo.
Now, please apply this level of analysis and expertise to the role of current geoeconomics as an apex predator entity in the ecosystem before it’s too late. As Richard Vevers said in Chasing Coral, we have the knowledge and resources to turn this ship around. Let’s go then. Little else matters at this point.

JustAName00

I don't think experts in evolutionary biology are going to be of much help on the matter. Should they just stop working on their passions in the meantime?

NibblonianNibbler

https://media2.giphy.com/media/v1.Y2lkPWE1NzM3M2U1ZWtpdXE2c2twY3Z0eDlpd3d2cWloNGs1NGZrNDBkNnF6cDE1ZnlzcyZlcD12MV9naWZzX3NlYXJjaCZjdD1n/H4u0pOiBZoHbICsTx8/200w.webp the bebe?

DeadWhiteMale

I"m not sure I understand. Is the claim that bacteria and archaea came to be separately so there is no LUCA, the last universal common ancestor?

Tengenstein

Not really, just that life evolved away from metabolisms needing metallic catalysts twice, rather than once and then splitting.

Tarmaccian

Potentially.

The two branches are kinda assumed to have a common ancestor, but they use entirely-different enzymes for metabolism. For evolution, that’s weird… weird enough that it might not actually be a LUCA, but perhaps different sites with different metal catalysts that started different kinds of biology.

yellowgage

No. (But it's unclear in this summary, the article gives the details.) They're saying the LUCA came before things counted as "alive."
They assert that to qualify as "life," a thing has to have a self contained metabolism - not relying on metals around them for catalyzing reactions. Since bacteria and archaea use such different enzymes, they conclude that the non-living, pre-cell thing (their LUCA) made the evolutionary jump to self-contained metabolism twice, in two different ways.